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Testosterone: The male hormone that is essential for sperm production and the development of male characteristics, including muscle mass and strength, fat distribution, bone mass, and sex drive.
Thyroid gland: A gland located beneath the voice box in the throat that produces thyroid hormone. The thyroid helps regulate growth and metabolism.
Urge incontinence: A condition characterized by a strong desire to urinate, followed by involuntary contractions of the bladder causing loss of urine.
Urinary tract infection (UTI): A condition that occurs when bacteria gets into the urinary tract and causes infection and inflammation.
Urogynecologist: A gynecological surgeon that specializes in the treatment of women with pelvic floor disorders such as urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse.
Urologist: A doctor who is specially trained to treat problems of the male and female urinary system and the male sex organs.
Uterus: The small, hollow, pear-shaped organ in a woman's pelvis. This is the organ in which a fetus develops. Also called the womb.
Vagina: The tube that joins the cervix (the lower part of uterus, or womb) to the outside of the body. It is also known as the birth canal.
Vaginal dryness: Inadequate lubrication of the vagina that can be caused by low estrogen levels, medication, or lack of sexual arousal.
Vaginal lubricant: A moisturizing product used to treat vaginal dryness.
Very-low-dose birth control:Birth control pills that contain less estrogen than regular birth control pills.
Vitamin D: A vitamin that enables the body to absorb calcium.
Weight-bearing exercise: Exercise during which bones and muscles work against the force of gravity and the feet and legs carry a person's weight. Examples include walking, jogging, dancing and working with weights.
Women's health specialist: A doctor specializing in women's health issues.
X-ray: High-energy radiation used in low doses to diagnose diseases and used in high doses to treat cancer. X-rays use high-energy radiation in low doses to create images of the body to help diagnose diseases and determine the extent of injuries.
Yeast infections (vaginal): Infections of the vagina caused by one of the many species of fungus called Candida.