Cholesterol is a naturally occurring substance that is primarily produced by the liver, but may also enter the system through foods.
Cholesterol is vital to bodily functions as it is needed for cell membranes and in the production of hormones.
HDL and LDL are complexes that can be found in the blood, containing cholesterol.
The amounts of these compounds can play a role in heart disease risks.
Atherosclerosis and Heart Disease Cholesterol can accumulate onto the walls of the arteries, causing them to become more rigid and narrow.
This is called atherosclerosis, and is a condition that can increase blood pressure and reduce blood flow.
When this condition affects the coronary arteries, the heart can be starved of oxygen, and cardiac arrest may ensue.
Lipoproteins Cholesterol is a lipoprotein that is produced through liver function.
Lipoproteins are not water-soluble so they do not dissolve in the bloodstream.
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is reported by the American Heart Association to help reduce the risks of atherosclerosis because it aids in removing Low-density lipoproteins (LDL).
LDL distributes cholesterol to other tissue and can contribute to atherosclerosis.
Testing A lipid panel is a test that measures the amount of HDL, LDL, and triglycerides.
A lipid panel is performed on a blood sample that is typically taken during a physical exam.
Patients who are candidates for heart disease are often given this test.
Levels The amount of HDL and LDL present in the blood is measured in units of mg per dL of blood.
LabTestsOnline states that a high LDL level is indicated by a score above 60 mg per dL of blood, and preferred levels fall below 100.
HDL is considered high above 60mg per dL of blood.
Improving Cholesterol High HDL and low LDL levels are optimal.
Physical exercise and weight loss will contribute to the ideal levels.
Lowering the amounts of saturated fats in the diet also plays a role.
Medications can be prescribed from doctors, as well.