Conclusions
In conclusion, video-assisted thoracoscopic MLND was equivalent to a comparable dissection through a thoracotomy in the hands of an experienced thoracoscopic surgeon with regard to both morbidity and oncological efficacy. The method of "non-grasping en bloc MLND", which enables en bloc dissection of mediastinal LNs while saving trouble of excessive interference of instruments and potential damage to the target LN, is safe, concise, and effective with a promising application prospect.