Treating inflammation in eye and pressure on eye or dryness in eye is important as any kind of inflammation or disorder can cause the eye to suffer from the blurred vision or perhaps loss of vision.

Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressant drug used to treat ocular inflammation and dryness in eye caused due to keratoconjunctivitis sicca.  Keratoconjunctivitis sicca is a condition which causes ocular inflammation and dryness of eyes. Decrease in tear production is responsible for dryness of eyes.  This medicine helps to regulate tear production and reduces inflammation of eyes. It is believed to exert its immunosuppressive effect by inhibiting the activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca, caused by decreased tear production or increased tear film evaporation is also called as keratitis sicca, sicca syndrome, xerophthalmia, dry eye syndrome. It includes symptoms such as dryness in eye, burning, pain, redness, a pulling sensation and pressure behind the eye. The aqueous tear layer is affected, resulting in aqueous tear deficiency (ATD) or lacrimal hyposecretion. The lacrimal gland does not produce sufficient tears to keep the entire conjunctiva and cornea covered by a complete layer. It usually occurs in postmenopausal women. Increasing age is the other cause to develop this disease as tear production decreases with age. It can also take place in people who are otherwise healthy.

There are many reasons giving rise to this disease. One of the causes includes idiopathic, congenital alacrima, xerophthalmia, lacrimal gland ablation, and sensory denervation. In rare cases, it may be a symptom of other conditions such as collagen vascular diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, wegener's granulomatosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Other drugs such as isotretinoin, sedatives, diuretics, tricyclic antidepressants, antihypertensives, and some pain relieving drugs can cause or worsen this condition. Infiltration of the lacrimal glands by sarcoidosis or tumors, or postradiation fibrosis of the lacrimal glands can also cause this condition.

Abnormal tear composition resulting in rapid evaporation or premature destruction of the tears adds to this disease. Another cause is rapid evaporation known as evaporative dry eyes. In this, although the tear gland produces a sufficient amount of tears, the rate of evaporation of the tears is too rapid. The loss of water from the tears results in too salty tears or hypertonic. Due to this, the entire conjunctiva and cornea cannot be kept covered with a complete layer of tears during certain activities or in certain environments. It may also be caused by thermal or chemical burns, or (in epidemic cases) by adenoviruses. Patients with diabetes are at increased risk for this disease. Half of the people wearing contact lenses face problems of dry eyes.

Symptoms may be described as itchy, scratchy, stingy, pain, redness, a pulling sensation, tired eyes and pressure behind the eye.   Dry eyes can usually be diagnosed by the symptoms alone. Tests can determine both the quantity and the quality of the tears. A slit lamp examination can be performed to diagnose dry eyes and to document any damage to the eye.

Due to irritation dry eyes can cause the eyes to water. However, the tears produced in response to injury, irritation, or emotion will not necessarily make the eyes feel better as they do not have the lubricating properties necessary to prevent dry eye. The resultant damage to the eye surface increases discomfort and sensitivity to bright light. If the condition is left untreated or becomes severe, it can produce complications that can cause eye damage, resulting in impaired vision or perhaps in the loss of vision.